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What is Preimplantation Genetic Testing?

Preimplantation genetic testing is a method used to identify the chromosomal genetic abnormalities in embryos created using IVF or ICSI before transferring the embryo into the woman’s uterus (womb) for a pregnancy to occur.

This test helps prevent the birth of a child having severe genetic disorders, such as Down’s syndrome, thalassemia, sickle cell anemia, etc. These genetic problems could lead to complications like miscarriage and birth defects in the child.

What is Preimplantation Genetic Testing?

Who is a Candidate for Preimplantation Genetic Testing?

Preimplantation genetic testing is suitable for couples or individuals who are at a high risk of passing on genetic conditions to the child and couples undergoing IVF who want to ensure that embryos are free of specific genetic conditions before transfer to the woman’s uterus.

The procedure can also benefit women with an advanced age, unexplained infertility, and a history of recurrent miscarriages.

Who is a Candidate for Preimplantation Genetic Testing?

Preimplantation Genetic Testing Procedure at a Glance

In the first step, fertility medications are prescribed for ovarian stimulation to produce multiple eggs. These eggs are retrieved and fertilized in a laboratory using the male sperm and cultured to create embryos.

After the embryos reach the blastocyst stage, usually on day 5 or 6, some cells are obtained from the outer layer of the embryo carefully and sent for a biopsy. The cells are tested for chromosomal abnormalities, structural problems, or specific genetic disorders. Embryos without any abnormalities are selected for transfer into the uterus.

Preimplantation Genetic Testing Procedure at a Glance

Choosing the Right Preimplantation Genetic Testing Clinic

Check the clinic’s expertise and success rates in IVF procedures and genetic testing before making your choice. Look for clinics with experienced fertility specialists, comprehensive treatments, a patient-centric approach, and access to advanced technology for embryo biopsy and genetic testing.

Also, consider other factors like the communication and support services offered by the clinic while making your choice. Patient reviews and consultation appointments at the clinic can help assess the clinic’s approach and reliability.

Choosing the right clinic for preimplantation genetic testing is important to ensure accurate testing results and a smooth process.

Choosing the Right Preimplantation Genetic Testing Clinic

Learn More About IVF: Expert Videos

Aksigen IVF for Best Preimplantation Genetic Testing in Mumbai

Aksigen IVF is equipped with skilled fertility specialists, embryologists, and other medical experts to offer precise and smooth preimplantation genetic testing in Mumbai.

The key reasons for choosing us include:

  • Over four decades of experience in handling women’s health issues
  • Over 15 years of expertise in IVF treatment
  • Over 30,000 cases completed
  • Excellent success rate of over 50%
  • Experienced and skilled medical specialists
  • Appropriate guidelines during each step of the procedure
  • World-class infrastructure
  • Advanced technology and equipment
  • Excellent patient care
  • Positive patient reviews and ratings
  • Honest, patient-centric approach
  • Cost-effective procedures without any hidden charges

Patient Testimonials

Patient Education Videos

Who Should Undergo Preimplantation Genetic Testing?

Preimplantation genetic testing is generally recommended in the following cases:

  • Women more than 37 years of age
  • Women with a history of two or more miscarriages
  • History of multiple failed IVF cycles without a proper explanation
  • Women with a history of failed embryo implantation
  • Women with unexplained infertility
  • Family history of genetic or chromosomal abnormalities

At Aksigen IVF, our skilled fertility specialists will evaluate you and your partner thoroughly to determine if you are the right candidate for the procedure.

Our experienced and trained embryologists and medical staff will ensure safe and accurate preimplantation genetic testing to increase your chances of a successful pregnancy and reduce the chances of the baby being born with genetic abnormalities.

Different Types of Preimplantation Genetic Testing

The different types of preimplantation genetic testing include:

  • PGT-A
    PGT-A (Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Aneuploidy), previously called Preimplantation Genetic Screening (PGS), screens all 23 pairs of human chromosomes for abnormal numbers (aneuploidy) to identify and transfer chromosomally normal (euploid) embryos. Abnormal chromosome numbers can lead to unsuccessful pregnancies or genetic disorders like Turner’s syndrome or Down’s syndrome.
  • PGT-M
    PGT-M (Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Monogenic Disorders), previously called Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD), examines embryos of couples at risk of transmitting genetic disorders due to single gene mutations. Examples include beta-thalassemia, sickle cell anemia, Huntington’s disease, and cystic fibrosis.
  • PGT-SR
    PGT-SR (Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Structural Rearrangements), previously called Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis for Chromosomal Translocation, differentiates embryos with proper genetic material from those with missing or additional material due to rearrangements, inversions, or translocations. This reduces the risk of miscarriage due to imbalanced structural defects.

Benefits of Preimplantation Genetic Testing

Preimplantation genetic testing offers several benefits, including:

  • Reduces the risk of passing genetic diseases to children
  • Reduces the risk of miscarriage
  • Ensures a healthy embryo and reduces uncertainty regarding the quality of the embryo selected
  • Improves implantation and pregnancy chances even if a single embryo is transferred
  • Improves success rates of IVF treatments
  • Prevents genetic diseases from being passed on to the baby
  • Reduces risk of complications like preterm birth, low birth weight, and multiple pregnancies
  • Reduces the need to terminate pregnancy after unfavorable prenatal diagnosis

How to Prepare for Preimplantation Genetic Testing

The first step is an initial consultation appointment with our experienced fertility specialist at Aksigen IVF.

The specialist will perform a physical and pelvic examination for the female partner and discuss the couple’s medical history, pregnancy history, sexual history, and family history, including any genetic disorders.

Before beginning fertility treatments like IVF or ICSI, the doctor may recommend diagnostic tests to assess the female partner’s general and uterine health and the male partner’s sperm quality and quantity.

Common tests include blood tests, vaginal ultrasound, hysteroscopy, ovarian reserve testing, sonohysterography, infectious disease screening, and semen analysis for the male partner. The doctor will then explain the fertility treatment procedure and the need for preimplantation genetic testing, allowing the couple to discuss any concerns or queries before proceeding.

Procedure for Preimplantation Genetic Testing

The steps involved in the IVF or ICSI procedure required before preimplantation genetic testing are as follows:

  • Ovarian stimulation: Fertility medications are provided to the female partner to stimulate her ovaries to produce multiple eggs.
  • Egg retrieval: Blood tests and ultrasounds help the doctor check egg development. Once the eggs mature, a transvaginal ultrasound-guided, minimally-invasive procedure is performed to retrieve them.
  • Fertilization: The retrieved eggs are fertilized with the male sperm in a laboratory through IVF or ICSI (where a single sperm is injected into an egg), forming embryos.
  • Embryo culture: The embryos are cultured in a controlled environment for about 5–6 days until reaching the blastocyst stage (usually 100–150 cells), at which point preimplantation genetic testing begins.

Preimplantation Genetic Testing Steps:

  1. Embryo biopsy: A small number of cells from the blastocyst are carefully removed and sent for genetic testing. Skilled lab professionals perform this to ensure accuracy. Results typically take 1–2 weeks, or up to 2 months for complex genetic conditions. Meanwhile, blastocysts are frozen (cryopreserved) individually.
  2. Genetic analysis: The biopsied cells are tested for chromosomal abnormalities or specific genetic mutations using techniques like PCR, NGS, FISH, or CGH depending on the test type.

After results arrive, the following steps complete the fertility treatment:

  • Embryo selection: Embryos that are chromosomally normal and free from specific genetic mutations are selected for transfer.
  • Embryo transfer: Selected embryos are transferred to the female uterus using a thin catheter through the cervix.
  • Pregnancy testing: About 10–14 days after embryo transfer, a pregnancy test is done to check if implantation was successful.

Our medical staff at Aksigen IVF ensures personalized care and guidance throughout preimplantation genetic testing treatment in Mumbai, including follow-up support based on treatment outcomes.

Success Rate of Preimplantation Genetic Testing in Mumbai

The success rate of preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) in Mumbai ranges from 95% to 98%, making it highly accurate for most couples. This procedure helps improve the chances of a successful pregnancy by ensuring that only embryos with normal chromosomes are transferred to the woman’s uterus.

However, the overall success of fertility treatments using preimplantation genetic testing depends on several factors, including:

  • Age of the woman (women below 35 years have higher chances of pregnancy)
  • General health and weight of the woman
  • Lifestyle factors
  • Quality of embryos used
  • Expertise of the fertility doctor
  • Technique and technology used during the procedure

At Aksigen IVF, our fertility specialists and embryologists in Mumbai maintain a high success rate for preimplantation genetic testing, ensuring the best possible outcomes for couples seeking a successful pregnancy.

Risks and Limitations of Preimplantation Genetic Testing

Preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) is generally safe, but it may be associated with certain risks and limitations:

  • Potential damage to embryos during the biopsy process
  • Inaccurate or inconclusive results in some cases

In addition, the procedure has some limitations and disadvantages:

  • Increases the overall cost of fertility treatments
  • Can be time-consuming, delaying embryo transfer to the uterus
  • Possibility of false positive or false negative results
  • Screens for a limited number of genetic conditions; not all potential genetic disorders can be detected
  • May cause emotional stress for the couple due to waiting and uncertainty

At Aksigen IVF, our experienced fertility specialists and embryologists guide couples carefully through the procedure to minimize risks and provide support for any emotional strain during preimplantation genetic testing in Mumbai.

Cost of Preimplantation Genetic Testing in Mumbai

The cost of preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) in Mumbai can vary depending on multiple factors, including:

  • Number of embryos tested
  • Number of IVF cycles required
  • Complexity of genetic testing (some genetic disorders require advanced testing methods)
  • Laboratory charges
  • Technology and equipment used
  • Consultation charges
  • Diagnostic test charges
  • Cost of additional procedures, including fertility treatments
  • Cost of follow-up care and appointments
  • Expertise of the fertility specialist
  • Location and reputation of the clinic

Aksigen IVF provides affordable and accurate preimplantation genetic testing in Mumbai, ensuring expert care by highly skilled fertility doctors and embryologists. Schedule an appointment for a detailed evaluation and take the next step towards a successful pregnancy.

FAQ

Preimplantation genetic testing is performed on embryos before implantation and prevents the transfer of embryos found with chromosomal or genetic problems into a woman’s uterus, whereas prenatal testing is done during pregnancy to detect genetic disorders in the baby.

No, preimplantation genetic testing is optional and recommended based on a couple’s medical history, age, or specific genetic concerns.

Yes, preimplantation genetic testing can improve success rates by identifying embryos with the best chances of implantation and reducing the risk of miscarriage.

While preimplantation genetic testing reduces the risk of genetic abnormalities, it cannot guarantee a healthy baby, as other factors like uterine environment and non-genetic conditions may affect pregnancy outcomes.

When performed by experienced professionals in reputed clinics like Aksigen IVF, embryo biopsy is generally safe and does not affect embryo viability much.